Thursday, May 5, 2016

Monograph of Rehmannia glutinosa

Rehmania glutinosa

By Shizhao (Own work) [CC BY 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5)], via Wikimedia Commons


Medicinal plants in Viet Nam (Institute of Materia Medica - HANOI - WHO/WPRO, 1990, p444 


Also known as: Rehmannia, Chinese foxglove, Shen di huang (China), 

shojio (Japan),  Shu di huang (China – cured root)

Family:Gesneriaceae

Part used: Root

Qualities: 

 Sweet, slightly bitter, cold

Key Constituents:

       Iridoid glycosides (aucubin, catapol       Phenethylalcohol glycosides        Jiogultosides       Rehmanniosides A to D        Rehmaglutins A to D

Therapeutic Actions:

Adrenal tonic1,2,3, Adrenal Trophorestorative (particularly the adrenal cortex)4
Supportive of HPA axis (particularly protective of pituitary)1,4,
Antipyretic1,4
Anti hemorrhagic1,4
Anti inflammatory1,2,3,4,8
Mild Laxative4
TCM: Female tonic1,4,5

Potential Actions:
Antiasthmatic
Osteoprotective12
Antidepressant10
Serotonergic10
Anti-diabetic11
Hypoglycaemic11
Hypolipidemic11

Indications for use:

Adrenal depletion1,3
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) in combination with other adaptogens and immune herbs3
Supporting adrenal function particularly in the presence of hypertension1,3
Support the HPA axis and modify stress responses 2,3,11
May be useful for children with ADHD and some forms of autism that are linked with chronic stress 2
Auto immune disease1
Rheumatoid Arthritis1,4,11
Asthma1,2,4 .May be useful children with stress related Asthma2
Inflammatory skin disorders: Atopic eczema3, Psoriasis3,6.
Urticaria4, Skin rashes1,4, Atopic dermatitis in children2
Acne in children and teens2
Chronic nephritis1,4,7
Fever1,4
Haemorrhage1,4
Constipation1
Haematuria1
Metrorrhagia 1
Epistaxis (nosebleeds)
Osteoarthritis8
To support withdrawl from corticosteroids1
 Possible therapeutic use for:  
PCOS and amenorrhea1,9
Depression10,11
Metabolic syndrome, Diabetes Mellitus, Impaired glucose tolerance and Hyperlipidemia due to chronic stress and high fat diet (Rat studies with dose administered orally) 11
Osteoporosis, Bone mineral density loss 12

Cautions and Contraindications:
No Contraindications for this herb has been identified, however caution should be used in pregnant patients.
Excessive doses may cause diarrhoea.

Dosage:

1:2 Liquid Extract of uncured root  4.5-8.5 per day or 30-60ml per week
1.1 – 1.8 grams per day in tablet form
Recommended Combinations: Astragalus for chronic nephritis


1.     Bone K.  A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs. St Louis: Elsevier; 2003 .p386-388
2.     Santich R and Bone K. Phytotherapy essentials: Health Children. Queensland, Australia: Phytotherapy press, 2008. p.106, 136-145,173-174
3.     Sarris J, Wardle J. Clinical Naturopathy: An evidence-based guide to practice. Chatswood, NSW: Elsevier; 2010.p 118,286
4.     Mills S and Bone K. Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy. London: Churchill and Livingstone; 2000. P.519-522
5.     Trickey R. Women, Hormones and the menstrual cycle. 3rd edition. Victoria, Australia: Trickey enterprises; 2011 p. 315
6.     May BH, Deng S, Zhang AL, Lu C, Xue CC. In silico database screening of potential targets and pathways of compounds contained in plants used for psoriasis vulgaris. Arch Dermatol Res. 2015 Sep;307(7): p645-57.  
doi: 10.1007/s00403-015-1577-8. Epub 2015 Jul 5.
7.     Qiu H Fu P, Fan W, Zuo C, Feng P, Shi P, Cao L, Liu F, Zhou L, Chen F, Zhong H, Gou Z, Liang Y, Shi M. Treatment of primary chronic glomerulonephritis with Rehmannia glutinosa acteosides in combination with the angiotensin receptor blocker irbesartan: a randomized controlled trial. Phytother Research. 2014 Jan; 28(1):132-6. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4973. Epub 2013 Mar 21.
8.     Park S-H, Kim S-K, Shin I-H, Kim H-G, Choe J-Y. Effects of AIF on Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: Double-blind, Randomized Placebo-controlled Study. The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology : Official Journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology. 2009; 13(1): p.33-37. doi:10.4196/kjpp.2009.13.1.33.
9.     Wei M, Lu Y, Liu D, Ru W. Ovarian failure-resistant effects of catalpol in aged female rats. Biol Pharm Bulletin 2014; 37(9):p.1444-9. http://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b14-00064
10.  Wang J, Cui Y, Feng W, Zhang Y, Wang G, Wang X, Zhou G. Involvement of the central monoaminergic system in the antidepressant-like effect of catalpol in mice. Bioscience Trends. 2014 Oct; 8 (5):p.248-52. http://doi.org/10.5582/bst.2014.01029
11.  Zhang R, Zhou J, Li M, Ma H, Qiu J, Luo X, Jia Z Ameliorating effect and potential mechanism of Rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharides on the impaired glucose metabolism in chronic stress rats fed with high-fat diet.
Phytomedicine. 2014 Apr 15; 21(5):p.607-14. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.11.008.
12.  Lim DW, Kim YT. Dried root of Rehmannia glutinosa prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Molecules. 2013 May 17; 18(5): p.5804-13. doi: 10.3390/molecules18055804.

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